Boundary Pointwise Control for Diffusion Hopfield Neural Network

Bionanotechnology is multidisciplinary knowledge gained at the intersection of biology and nanotechnology. Certainly, biology operates in the nanoscale regime, using natural processes that occur in the nanoscale, by convention, under 100 nm in dimension. Therefore, bionanotechnology relates to those subtopics in the biological life sciences that exploit the analytical and experimental tools of nanotechnology. This chapter makes no pretense of acting as a comprehensive treatise, but rather selects a mix of timely topics that span over a wide set of tools and applications. It is addressed to practitioners, researchers, faculty, and university/college students within the field of bioengineering/biomedical engineering; it is also addressed to other closely-related governmental, non-governmental, and industrial entities. 1. CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Bionanotechnology has the opportunity to exert a dominant impact on nanotechnology products that are to be developed in the coming decades. This is in no small part due to the compelling advances in nanomedicine. This chapter presents a comprehensive review that would form the basis of a monograph on bionanotechnology. A judicious choice has been made in this chapter to identify areas of bionanotechnology that span a wide range of technological tools and form a basis for the evolving art. Following the historical background, the focus is on biosensors, drug delivery and nanomedicine, biotechnology templates for electronic device architecture, and biosynthesis of nanoparticles. David E. Reisner The Nano Group, Inc., USA Samuel Brauer Nanotech Plus, LLC, USA Wenwei Zheng University of California, Berkeley, USA Chris Vulpe University of California, Berkeley, USA Raj Bawa Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA & Bawa Biotech, LLC, USA Jose Alvelo Vector Consulting Group, LLC, USA Mariekie Gericke Mintek, South Africa